http://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-y/, Mercier, T.J., Johnson, R.C., Brownfield, M.E., and Self, J.G., 2010, In-Place Oil Shale Resources Underlying Federal Lands in the Piceance Basin, Western Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS-2010-3041, 4 p. http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3041/, Johnson, R.C., Mercier, T.J., Brownfield, M.E., Pantea, M.P., and Self, J.G., 2009, Assessment of in-place oil shale resources of the Green River Formation, Piceance Basin, western Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2009–3012, 6 p. http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3012/, Uinta Basin, Colorado and Utah 2010 Assessment. For US, more than 50% of remaining oil reserves is unconventional shale oil. In areas where the rocks have been subjected to complex folding and faulting or have been intruded by igneous rocks, the geothermal maturity of the oil shale should be evaluated for proper determination of the economic potential of the deposit. The method commonly used in the United States is called the "modified Fischer assay," first developed in Germany, then adapted by the U.S. Bureau of Mines for analyzing oil shale of the Green River Formation in the western United States (Stanfield and Frost, 1949). We can get your products and services seen. The estimated in-ground resources are over 300 billion barrels of oil—some of the largest oil-shale resources in the world. Shale oil refers to hydrocarbons that are trapped in formations of shale rock. This website contains assessments and geologic reports, as well as spatial and tabular datasets, fischer assays and well logs from USGS oil shale research studies. This NRG Expert Global Oil Reserves and Shale Oil market research report provides a comprehensive overview and analysis of the global shale oil market. Shale Energy Resources is a Texas-based marketing firm that. Oil shale, despite the name, does not actually contain oil, but is a precursor of oil that is converted to crude oil when heated. The Bakken Field in North Dakota and Montana is the largest producing shale oil reserve. Enlarge map. Geothermal maturity of organic matter in oil shale is also determined by the reflectance of vitrinite (a common constituent of coal derived from vascular land plants), if present in the rock. The situation was such that few would have predicted the current abundance of gas and new oil reserves derived from shale gas operations. More information on Canada oil shale. Tasmanite, named from oil-shale deposits in Tasmania, is a brown to black oil shale. Shale has a shorter lead time between drilling and production relative to offshore exploration and other traditional oil projects, making it more responsive to oil price movements. Many oil-shale deposits contain small, but ubiquitous, amounts of sulfides including pyrite and marcasite, indicating that the sediments probably accumulated in dysaerobic to anoxic waters that prevented the destruction of the organic matter by burrowing organisms and oxidation. The reserves data distinguish between reserves in existing fields and new projects, and potential reserves in recent discoveries and still undiscovered fields. The Green River Formation was... Introduction Some oil shales may have a greater energy potential than that reported by the Fischer assay method depending on the components of the "gas plus loss.". US is making the most of Shale gas as they have lots of inhabited land. Most of the organic matter is insoluble in ordinary organic solvents; therefore, it must be decomposed by heating to release such materials. It also contains small amounts of vitrinite and inertinite. Hydrocarbons are substances made entirely of hydrogen and carbon. The estimated in-place nahcolite resource is about 43.3 billion short tons. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.01.107, Johnson, R.C., Birdwell, J.E., Lillis, P.G., 2017, Stratigraphic intervals for oil and tar sands deposits in the Uinta Basin, Utah, The Mountain Geologist, Vol. Resource data for deeply buried deposits, such as a large part of the Devonian oil-shale deposits in eastern United States, are omitted, because they are not likely to be developed in the foreseeable future. Events. The field has layers of dense, oil-bearing rock about two miles underground. Oil shale, shale oil, and oil-bearing shale are three different substances. It looks at global oil and gas reserves, oil supply and demand, unconventional and frontier oil and gas reserves. Kerogen is a part of rock that breaks down and releases hydrocarbons when heated. Oil shale usually meets the definition of "shale" in that it is "a laminated rock consisting of at least 67% clay minerals," however, it sometimes contains enough organic material and carbonate minerals that clay minerals account for less than 67% of the rock. As of 2019, OPEC controlled roughly 75% of the world's total crude oil reserves and produced 42% of the world's total crude oil output. Utah’s oil-shale deposits are located in the Uinta Basin of northeastern Utah. Oil shales range widely in organic content and oil yield. U.S. gains increased at least 100,000 barrels per day for 10 of the last 16 months. In this regard, Colombia is preparing new tax incentives and is about to launch free-trade zones (see page 14). Johnson, R.C., Birdwell, J.E., Mercier, T.J., 2016, Generation and Migration of Bitumen and Oil from the Oil Shale Interval of the Eocene Green River Formation, Uinta Basin, Utah in Dolan, M.P., Higley, D.K., Lillis, P.G., ed., Hydrocarbon Source Rocks in Unconventional Plays, Rocky Mountain Region: Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists, Chapter 13, p. 379. The availability and price of petroleum ultimately effect the viability of a large-scale oil-shale industry. Brazil: Deposits of oil shale in Brazil (locations after Padula, 1969). The key change factor has been the application, of the existing technique of hydraulic fracturing to the recovery of hydrocarbons from shale formations. Australia: Deposits of oil shale in Australia (locations after Crisp and others, 1987; and, Cook and Sherwood 1989). Early attempts to determine the total size of world oil-shale resources were based on few facts, and estimating the grade and quantity of many of these resources were speculative, at best. Utah’s oil-shale deposits are located in the Uinta Basin of northeastern Utah. Nevertheless, some countries with oil-shale resources, but lack petroleum reserves, find it expedient to operate an oil-shale industry. The processes used for hydrocarbon extraction also produce emissions and waste products that cause significant environmental concerns. Johnson, R.C., Birdwell, J.E., Brownfield, M.E., and Mercier, T.J., 2015, Mass-movement deposits in the lacustrine Eocene Green River Formation, Piceance Basin, western Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1044, 13 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151044. More information on Estonia and Sweden oil shale. The field is roughly the size of West Virginia and, as of December 2012, produced 770,000 barrels of oil a day. The Bakken Field in North Dakota and Montana is the largest producing shale oil reserve. The estimated in-ground resources are over 300 billion barrels of oil—some of the largest oil-shale resources in the world. On the other hand, oil-shale deposits that have economic potential for their shale-oil and gas yields are geothermally immature and have not been subjected to excessive heating. Below are publications associated with this project. This is only slightly lower than the estimated 1.53 trillion barrels for the adjacent Piceance Basin, Colorado, to the east, which is thought to be the richest oil shale deposit in the world. Marinite is a gray to dark gray to black oil shale of marine origin in which the chief organic components are lamalginite and bituminite derived chiefly from marine phytoplankton. This is perhaps the most common type of analysis that is currently used to evaluate an oil-shale resource. Deposits of shale oil / gas are found around the world. For other oil shales, the reverse is true-silicates including quartz, feldspar, and clay minerals are dominant and carbonates are a minor component. Thermal alteration of this type may be restricted to a small part of the deposit, or it may be widespread making most of the deposit unfit for recovery of shale oil. SHALE OIL AND SHALE GAS POTENTIAL IN COLOMBIA. China, Russia, Syria, Thailand and Turkey, China, Russia, Syria, Thailand, and Turkey. about its oil and gas reserves. Most of these uses are still small or in experimental stages, but the economic potential is large. Such materials may be of bacterial origin or the product of bacterial degradation of algae or other organic matter. The grade of oil shale can be determined by measuring the yield of oil of a shale sample in a laboratory retort. Also, areas of Alum Shale in Sweden (locations after Andersson and others, 1985). Shale oil is the product of the thermal reaction and decomposition of kerogen present in oil shales. 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